Issues
Areas
Solutions
TRL Level
SRL Level
The increase in planetary temperature has led to an increase in the thermal energy resources available for convective phenomena, to an increase in the evaporative potential of our seas and, consequently, to an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. Extreme weather events are characteristics of the Mediterranean coastal areas and often cause flash floods. During these episodes, the precipitations that occur in a few hours often exceed the rain accumulations that normally occur in several months. Local factors such as the presence of orographic reliefs along to the coastline often determine their intensity. The geographical position and the complex orography of European regions positioned around the Mediterranean sea often cause extreme weather events. In early autumn, the Mediterranean cyclones that originate from the contrast between air masses with very different temperatures and humidity interacting with seawater high temperature affect the surrounding regions. These conditions can cause extreme weather events characterized by sudden and heavy rainfalls and dangerous flash floods. From the geographic point of view, these regions are characterized by a peculiar orography where the warm and moist air coming from Africa is lifted over the orographic barriers, losing its humidity because of the cooling, and these modifications can cause heavy rains. This occurs especially in the autumn seasons when the sea is still warm and able to transfer large amounts of humidity into the atmosphere.
Developed by University of Messina
While the climate modeling community is performing runs typically at grid spacing of 100 km, 50 km or at most, 10 km, higher resolutions are needed for places with complex topography and dynamical downscaling seems to be the way to go. The Meteorological Models local circulations accurate simulation ability will rely strongly on resolving the important terrain features over focused area. Since the terrain height depends on the grid resolution model, it is essential that the simulation uses an adequate grid size in order to resolve the terrain forcing over the analysed area.
See more information about this level and the TRL and SRL levels.
The proposed innovation is based on the development of a WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model), with ARW (Advanced Research WRF) core, specifically optimized for territories with complex orography, through developments that significantly affect the use of initial high-resolution static orographic data, soil and vegetative coverage data and sea temperature data. A further optimization process of the model is based on the different physical parametrizations The numerical forecasts provided by the models used and the data from the surveys carried out are processed using numerical multiscaling approaches, with particular reference to the wavelets, to identify correlations, trends and anomalies.
Limitations/conditions under which this innovation does not work or is less effective
I do not believe there are any limitations or conditions under which the innovation does not work or is less effective.
Added value
The added value of the innovation is based on the performance of the weather forecast of the LAM model optimized for regions with complex orography. This model, with a spatial resolution of one kilometer (and even less), is able to predict extreme meteorological events both in spatial location and in time. The main element of differentiation of the innovation, in addition to considering the temperatures of the seas, is the high adaptability of the model to the orography of the spatial region examined.
The increase in planetary temperature has led to an increase in the thermal energy resources available for convective phenomena, to an increase in the evaporative potential of our seas and, consequently, to an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. Extreme weather events are characteristics of the Mediterranean coastal areas and often cause flash floods. During these episodes, the precipitations that occur in a few hours often exceed the rain accumulations that normally occur in several months. Local factors such as the presence of orographic reliefs along to the coastline often determine their intensity. The geographical position and the complex orography of European regions positioned around the Mediterranean sea often cause extreme weather events. In early autumn, the Mediterranean cyclones that originate from the contrast between air masses with very different temperatures and humidity interacting with seawater high temperature affect the surrounding regions. These conditions can cause extreme weather events characterized by sudden and heavy rainfalls and dangerous flash floods. From the geographic point of view, these regions are characterized by a peculiar orography where the warm and moist air coming from Africa is lifted over the orographic barriers, losing its humidity because of the cooling, and these modifications can cause heavy rains. This occurs especially in the autumn seasons when the sea is still warm and able to transfer large amounts of humidity into the atmosphere.
Developed by University of Messina
While the climate modeling community is performing runs typically at grid spacing of 100 km, 50 km or at most, 10 km, higher resolutions are needed for places with complex topography and dynamical downscaling seems to be the way to go. The Meteorological Models local circulations accurate simulation ability will rely strongly on resolving the important terrain features over focused area. Since the terrain height depends on the grid resolution model, it is essential that the simulation uses an adequate grid size in order to resolve the terrain forcing over the analysed area.
The main components of the system have been tested separately, and an initial integration exercise has been conducted.
The proposed innovation is based on the development of a WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting model), with ARW (Advanced Research WRF) core, specifically optimized for territories with complex orography, through developments that significantly affect the use of initial high-resolution static orographic data, soil and vegetative coverage data and sea temperature data. A further optimization process of the model is based on the different physical parametrizations The numerical forecasts provided by the models used and the data from the surveys carried out are processed using numerical multiscaling approaches, with particular reference to the wavelets, to identify correlations, trends and anomalies.
Limitations/conditions under which this innovation does not work or is less effective
I do not believe there are any limitations or conditions under which the innovation does not work or is less effective.
Added value
The added value of the innovation is based on the performance of the weather forecast of the LAM model optimized for regions with complex orography. This model, with a spatial resolution of one kilometer (and even less), is able to predict extreme meteorological events both in spatial location and in time. The main element of differentiation of the innovation, in addition to considering the temperatures of the seas, is the high adaptability of the model to the orography of the spatial region examined.
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